the u.s. takes such action is designed to prevent the violations from recurring. in terms of a treaty based obligation, that is our focus but i am not aware of one of the nature that you are discussing. >> we can certainly agree there is an agreement under hil -- ihl to respected. to respect to means that you issue respect for the agency be they cia armed forces, whoever is acting for them to and robert jacks were the will have to respect that. that certainly means that these people who are acting for the state will have to know who those are. internally, the instructions have to be pretty clear. accountability is not a possible if the details are not disclosed, at least to some extent, to the public. i think we can construct an obligation to -- and here to clear standards that are being applied -- and here to clear standards that are being applied. >> prof. austin, rick, thanks. >> i have a lot that i would like to say, but i will not. i will focus on this specific issue of the cia and its ac